用qt的知道,qt有方便简单的信号槽机制,但需要专门的qt工具处理。
如果想直接使信号槽就可以使用sigslot库,或者sigc++库,或者boost中的signals,这里介绍sigslot和sigc++库。
sigslot.h:只有一个头文件,使用简单方便。
sigc++:包含文件多,但功能更强大。
sigslot库
官方地址
http://sigslot.sourceforge.net/
在vs2013中使用
- 包含头文件
#include "sigslot.h"
- 改动:
//在sigslot.h的420,将:
typedef sender_set::const_iterator const_iterator;
//改为:
typedef typename sender_set::const_iterator const_iterator;
基本使用:
- signal0~signal8:信号类:作为类成员
class mySg
{
sigc::signal0<> sg1; // 无参数
sigc::signal2<char*, double> sg2; // 2个参数
}
- connection
槽函数:作为类成员,类需要继承has_slots<>,且槽函数的返回值必须是void类型
class mySlot: public : has_slots<>
{
public:
void on_func1(){}
// 无参数,与信号对应
void on_func2(char*, double)(){}
// 2个参数
};
mySg sig;
mySlot slt;
sig.sg1.conncent(&slt,&mySlot::on_func1);
sig.sg2.conncent(&slt,&mySlot::on_func2);
- disconnection
解除连接:可以使用disconnect()和disconnect_all()
sig.sg1.disconnect(&slt);
sig.sg1.disconnect_all();
- emiting
发送信号:可以直接使用()运算符,也可以调用signal的emit函数
sig.sg1.emit();
sig.sg2("str",0.1);
实例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "sigslot.h"
using namespace sigslot;
#define pause_wait() {std::cout << "\nPlease press any key to continue.\n";_getch();}
// class
enum ObjState{Normal = 0, Hidden = 1};
class ObjectBase : public has_slots<>
{
public:
ObjectBase(){ px = 0; py = 0; state = Normal; }
ObjectBase(const int &x, const int &y):px(x), py(y){ state = Normal; }
~ObjectBase(){};
void onMoveBy(const int &x, const int &y){px += x; py += y;}
void onResize(const int &x, const int &y){px = x; py = y;}
void onSetState(ObjState s){this->state = s;}
void onPrintState()
{
if(state == Normal)
std::cout << "Normal" << std::endl;
else if(state == Hidden)
std::cout << "Hidden" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "Error: error state value" << std::endl;
}
const int& getX(){return px;}
const int& getY(){return py;}
const char* getState()
{
if(state == Normal)
return "Normal";
else if(state == Hidden)
return "Hidden";
else
return nullptr;
}
private:
ObjState state;
int px;
int py;
};
class Control
{
public:
signal2<const int&, const int&> moveBy;
signal2<const int&, const int&> resize;
signal1<ObjState> setState;
signal0<> printState;;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
ObjectBase obj(10,10);
Control ctrl;
#if(1)
ctrl.moveBy.connect(&obj, &ObjectBase::onMoveBy);
ctrl.resize.connect(&obj, &ObjectBase::onResize);
ctrl.setState.connect(&obj, &ObjectBase::onSetState);
ctrl.printState.connect(&obj, &ObjectBase::onPrintState);
//ctrl.moveBy.disconnect(&obj);
//ctrl.moveBy.disconnect_all();
// start pro loop
PRO_Start:
while(true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "Object Information" << endl;
cout << "\t Position_x: " << obj.getX() << endl;
cout << "\t Position_y: " << obj.getY() << endl;
cout << "\t State: " << obj.getState() << endl;
cout << "\n";
cout << "\t m: move object \n"
"\t r: resize object \n"
"\t s: set object state \n"
"\t p: print object state \n"
<< endl;
cout << "Input:";
char ch = getchar();
switch(ch)
{
case 'm': // move
ctrl.moveBy(10,10);
break;
case 'M':
ctrl.moveBy.emit(-20,-20);
break;
case 'R':
case 'r': // resize
ctrl.resize.emit(0, 0);
break;
case 'P':
case 'p': // printState
goto PRO_PrintState;
break;
case 's': // setState
ctrl.setState(Normal);
break;
case 'S':
ctrl.setState.emit(Hidden);
break;
case 'Q':
case 'q': // exit
goto PRO_Exit;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
PRO_PrintState:
ctrl.printState.emit();
pause_wait();
goto PRO_Start;
#endif
pause_wait();
PRO_Exit:
return 0;
}
sigc++库
官方地址
http://libsigc.sourceforge.net/
编译
可以在http://download.csdn.net/detail/yehuohan/9600368下载已经编好的库文件,2.8.0版
注意1:
在用高版本编译时,如2.8.0,可能会提示找不到msvc_recommended_pragmas.h,可以在vs的
属性 -> C/C -> 高级 -> 强制包含文件
去掉msvc_recommended_pragmas.h;
或者添加一个msvc_recommended_pragmas.h文件,这里的源代码已经放入了该文件。
注意2:
在使用高版本(如2.9.7)编译时,若提示找不到slot.cc等文件,可以使用低版本中的放入相应位置即可。
在vs中使用
- 项目 -> VC++目录 -> 包含目录: 添加 sigc++所在的目录
- 添加下列代码:
#include <sigc++/sigc++.h>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib,"sigcd.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib,"sigc.lib")
#endif
基本使用:
- signal
信号类:可以作为其它类成员,也可直接定义
//返回值: int,2个参数:char*, double,参数个数可以直接指定
sigc::signal<int, char*, double> sg1;
sigc::signal2<int, char*, double> sg2;
class mySg
{
sigc::signal2<int, char*, double> sg3;
}
- connection
连接槽函数,作为类成员时,要继承sigc::trackable;
ptr_fun, ptr_fun07 : 连接全局函数;7 : 连接类成员函数;
mem_fun, mem_fun0
ptr_fun,mem_fun与signal之间只要参数类型对应就可连接, 并非一定要数字对应(如:ptr_fun3并非一定要与signal3对应连接)
sigc::connection ccSg1 = sg1.connect(sigc::ptr_fun(&func1));
class mySlot: public : sigc::trackable
{
public:
int func2(char*, double)(){}
} obj;
sigc::connection ccSg2 = sg2.connect(sigc::mem_fun2(obj,&mySlot::func));
class mySg: public : sigc::trackable
{
mySg(){auto ccIter_Sg3 = sg3.connect(sigc::mem_fun(*this,&mySg::on_func));}
sigc::signal2<int, char*, double> sg3;
int on_func(char*, double)(){}
}
- disconnection
如果不需要解连接,可以不用定义sigc::connection
ccSg1.disconnect();
ccSg2.disconnect();
- emiting
sg1.emit("str",0.1);
sg2.emit("str",0.1);
// 发送信号:调用signal的emit函数
实例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <sigc++/sigc++.h>
#ifdef _DEBUG
#pragma comment(lib,"sigc280d.lib")
#else
#pragma comment(lib,"sigc280.lib")
#endif // _DEBUG
#define pause_wait() {std::cout << "\nPlease press any key to continue.\n";_getch();}
// class
enum ObjState{Normal = 0, Hidden = 1};
class ObjectBase : public sigc::trackable
{
public:
ObjectBase(){ px = 0; py = 0; state = Normal; setConnection(); }
ObjectBase(const int &x, const int &y) :px(x), py(y){ state = Normal; setConnection(); }
~ObjectBase(){};
sigc::signal<void,const char*> putMsg;
void onMoveBy(const int &x, const int &y){px += x; py += y;}
void onResize(const int &x, const int &y){px = x; py = y;}
void onSetState(ObjState s){this->state = s;}
void onPrintState()
{
if(state == Normal)
std::cout << "Normal" << std::endl;
else if(state == Hidden)
std::cout << "Hidden" << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "Error: error state value" << std::endl;
}
const int& getX(){return px;}
const int& getY(){return py;}
const char* getState()
{
if(state == Normal)
return "Normal";
else if(state == Hidden)
return "Hidden";
else
return nullptr;
}
private:
ObjState state;
int px;
int py;
void printMsg(const char* str){std::cout << str << std::endl; }
void setConnection()
{
putMsg.connect(sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ObjectBase::printMsg));
}
};
class Control
{
public:
Control(){}
sigc::signal<void, const int&, const int&> moveBy;
sigc::signal2<void, const int&, const int&> resize; // return void type, and 2 parameters
sigc::signal<void, ObjState> setState;
private:
};
// print word steped by space
int printSpaceStr(const char* str)
{
int cnt = 0;
const char* p = str;
char ch;
std::cout << endl;
do
{
ch = *p;
cout << ch << ' ';
cnt++;
} while (*++p != '\0');
std::cout << endl;
return cnt;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
ObjectBase obj(0, 0);
Control ctrl;
sigc::signal1<int, const char*> printSS;
sigc::connection ccPrintSS = printSS.connect(sigc::ptr_fun1(&printSpaceStr));
//ccPrintSS.disconnect();
sigc::signal0<void> printState;
printState.connect(sigc::mem_fun(obj, &ObjectBase::onPrintState));
ctrl.moveBy.connect(sigc::mem_fun(obj, &ObjectBase::onMoveBy));
ctrl.resize.connect(sigc::mem_fun(obj, &ObjectBase::onResize));
auto ccIter_SetState = ctrl.setState.connect(sigc::mem_fun(obj, &ObjectBase::onSetState));
//ccIter_SetState->disconnect();
// start pro loop
PRO_Start:
while(true)
{
system("cls");
obj.putMsg.emit("Object Information");
cout << "\t Position_x: " << obj.getX() << endl;
cout << "\t Position_y: " << obj.getY() << endl;
cout << "\t State: " << obj.getState() << endl;
cout << "\n";
cout << "\t m: move object \n"
"\t r: resize object \n"
"\t s: set object state \n"
"\t p: print object state \n"
"\t a: print space word \n"
<< endl;
cout << "Input:";
char ch = getchar();
switch(ch)
{
case 'm': // move
ctrl.moveBy.emit(10,10);
break;
case 'M':
ctrl.moveBy.emit(-20,-20);
break;
case 'R':
case 'r': // resize
ctrl.resize.emit(0, 0);
break;
case 'P':
case 'p': // printState
goto PRO_PrintState;
break;
case 's': // setState
ctrl.setState.emit(Normal);
break;
case 'S':
ctrl.setState.emit(Hidden);
break;
case 'A':
case 'a':
goto RPO_PrintSpaceStr;
break;
case 'Q':
case 'q': // exit
goto PRO_Exit;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
PRO_PrintState:
printState.emit();
pause_wait();
goto PRO_Start;
RPO_PrintSpaceStr:
printSS.emit("Sigc_Demo");
pause_wait();
goto PRO_Start;
PRO_Exit:
return 0;
}
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